Introduction:

The "Iluminar el Mar" project is pioneering the use of Bycatch Reduction Technologies (BRTs) in Ecuador's small-scale fisheries to protect endangered marine species. It focuses on testing the effectiveness of LED lights and electromagnetic devices in reducing the unintentional capture of sharks, sea turtles, and other megafauna in longline and gillnet fishing. This initiative aims to balance the economic needs of artisanal fishers with the conservation of endangered species, ensuring a sustainable future for both.   

The Challenge:

Ecuador's artisanal fisheries face a significant bycatch problem, with endangered species like sharks, sea turtles, and marine mammals often caught unintentionally. This not only threatens these vulnerable populations but also damages fishing gear and reduces catch efficiency, impacting the livelihoods of small-scale fishers. Traditional fishing practices and economic pressures often exacerbate this issue, making innovative solutions crucial for balancing conservation needs with economic realities.   

The Solution:

The project's core solution lies in the testing and implementation of BRTs, specifically LED lights and electromagnetic devices, in artisanal fishing gear. These technologies exploit differences in sensory capabilities between target fish species and endangered megafauna to reduce bycatch without significantly impacting the catch of commercially important species. The project also includes workshops and a human-centered design study to engage with fishing communities, ensuring the cultural fit and sustainable adoption of these technologies.   

Why this matters:

This project addresses the urgent need to protect endangered marine species while supporting the livelihoods of small-scale fishers in Ecuador. By promoting the use of BRTs, the project contributes to the sustainable management of fisheries and the conservation of marine biodiversity. It also aligns with several of the UN's Sustainable Development Goals, particularly those related to Life Below Water (SDG 14) and its targets for sustainable fisheries and marine conservation.   

Results and impact:

The Iluminar El Mar project has achieved significant milestones in its mission to reduce bycatch. The project has completed 503 net sets with artisanal fishermen over 169 fishing trips, successfully testing the efficacy of LED lights in reducing bycatch. Their trials have demonstrated a significant reduction in the bycatch of sea turtles (58%), sharks (45%), cetaceans (73%), and mobula rays (50%). Additionally, the project has fostered collaboration with local small-scale fishers, empowering them with knowledge about safe release practices and responsible fishing techniques.

Replicate and scale-up:

The project's approach to bycatch reduction offers a replicable and scalable model for other regions facing similar challenges. The use of BRTs, coupled with community engagement and a sustainable business model, can be adapted to various contexts, promoting the conservation of endangered marine species while supporting the livelihoods of small-scale fishers worldwide.   

Lessons learned:

Mare Nostrum has underscored the importance of adaptability and perseverance in navigating challenges such as project delays, unexpected audits, and changes in authorities. Open communication with various stakeholders, including government ministries and local fishers, has been crucial for successful project implementation. The team has also learned the importance of early engagement with fishers to ensure their cooperation and participation in the project.